sábado, 4 de mayo de 2019

Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases

Sex education and participation in self-care of sexual health are considered highly effective procedures. Sexual abstinence during the presence of active lesions or during the periods of treatment, both for the patient and for the sexual partner, is a procedure that promotes healing and prevents transmission. The correct use of the condom is an equally reliable alternative to prevent the transmission of these infections.

On the other hand, efforts are made to obtain some vaccines against STDs; however, fieldwork does not allow us to predict when efficient vaccines will be available, at least for the population that is most at risk of acquiring them.


Three aspects have been crucial to increase and maintain interest in diseases acquired through sexual contact: a) the presence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome produced by HIV; b) the progressively increasing resistance to antimicrobials mainly of N. gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus ducreyi and some other urogenital pathogens, and c) strong evidence that STDs (ulcerative and non-ulcerative) condition critical cofactors in the acquisition and transmission of HIV, since that provide a more accessible gateway to contact with genital secretions and HIV, as well as the recruitment of activated T lymphocytes that work with their CD4 receptor markers. This situation has allowed international health agencies to focus not only on attention but on resources towards traditional STDs, with the purpose of reducing morbidity in order to influence the transmission of HIV.


There is a need to ensure that the vaccine provides immunity through several mechanisms: expression of antigens present in the cell; production of immunity mediated by T and B cells, as well as the prolongation of immunity for a long time. Recent advances use the vaccinia virus as a vector with the E6 and E7 proteins of the human papillomavirus. The preliminary results are flattering and they speculate in the short term to obtain an immunogen of optimal quality and potency. 

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